Iris nevus syndrome (cogan-reese syndrome; chandler syndrome; iridocorneal endothelial syndrome; ice syndrome)

General: Usually unilateral but may be bilateral; usually in young adult women; nonfamilial; cause unknown; Chandler, Cogan-Reese, and iridocorneal endothelial syndromes have been considered three separate syndromes but are now recognized as a single spectrum of diseases.

Ocular: Unilateral glaucoma in eyes with peripheral anterior synechiae; multiple iris nodules; ectopic Descemet membrane; corneal edema; stromal iris atrophy; iris pigment epithelial atrophy; ectropion uveae; ectopic pupil; keratoconus; herpes simplex virus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has been detected in patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome from corneal specimens.

Clinical: Glasslike membrane covering the anterior iris surface; corneal endothelial degeneration and accompanying ectopic endothelial membranes are responsible for occlusion of the filtration meshwork and subsequent pressure increase.

Alvarado JA, et al. Detection of herpes simplex viral DNA in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 1994; 112:1601-l609.

Buckley RJ. Pathogenesis of the ICE syndrome. Br J Ophthalmol 1994; 78:595-596.

Chandler PA. Atrophy of the stroma of the iris, endothelial dystrophy, corneal edema, and glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 1956; 41:607.

Cogan DG, Reese AB. A syndrome of iris nodules, ectopic Descemet's membrane and unilateral glaucoma. Doc Ophthalmol 1969; 26:424.

Radius RL, Herschler J. Histopathology in the iris-nevus (Cogan-Reese) syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 1980; 89: 780-786.

Rodrigues MM, et al. Clinical, electron microscopic, and immunohistochemical study of the corneal endothelium and Descemet's membrane in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 1986; 101:16-27.