Plummer-vinson syndrome (sideropenic dysphagia syndrome; paterson-brown-kelly syndrome; waldenstrom-kjellberg syndrome)

General: Deficiency of vitamin B complex and iron; female; onset middle age; pathogenic mechanism may be related to a frameshift mutation in the human apolipoprotein mutation in the human apolipoprotein A-I gene.

Ocular: Reduced tear formation; pale conjunctiva; dry eyes; retinal hemorrhages; papilledema.

Clinical: Dysphagia for solid food with main difficulties originating in the upper portion of the esophagus; glossitis and gastritis; anemia; atrophy of mucous membranes; dystrophy of the fingernails (koilonychia); fatigue.

Chen TS, Chen PS. Rise and fall of the Plummer-Vinson syndrome. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1994; 9:654-658.

Godtfredsen E. Relations between Sjogren's disease, Plummer Vinson syndrome and ariboflavinosis. Acta Ophthalmol 1947; 25:95.

Plummer HS. Diffuse dilation of the esophagus without anatomic stenosis (cardiospasm). A report of ninety-one cases. J Am Med Assoc 1912; 58:2013.

Vinson PP. A case of cardiospasm with dilatation and angulation of the esophagus. Med Clin North Am 1919; 3:623.